朗阁海外考试研究中心
雅思选择题最常见的问题就是来不及审题。选择题的审题量比填空题大是显而易见的,除了题干之外,选择题比填空题至少多出三个选项要审。所以在某些情况下,听力的选择题甚至考验的是考生的阅读速度。而解决这个问题的最直接的方法就是要尽一切可能在审题的时候简化选项,以减少听题时的阅读负担。
上一章节中,朗阁专家们为我们介绍了2种简化选项的方法,今天就让我们一起跟随名师的脚步,继续探寻速攻雅思听力的其余"简化法"。
三、合并同类项
在单选题中,有时候会出现三个选项中都含有共同的要素。这时候,朗阁海外考试研究中心建议该要素可作为定位词定位答案,而不需要作为选项中的关键词去关注。这样,我们往往会发现,选项除去共同因素之后剩下的单词已经所剩无几,这时候,我们真正需要注意的是三个选项的不同之处,而这些细微的不同之处往往就是答案的关键。这种情况在单选题中并不少见,也很容易掌握,下面我们来看一些例子。
6-2-4
34. Rival systems started to appear in Europe after people had
A. been told about the American systems.
B. seen the American system.
C. used the American system.
答案:A
原文:a number of rival European systems started to appear once people had heard about it.
在这道题中,我们可以清楚地看到,当把选项中的"the American systems"拿掉之后,每个选项就只剩下一个动词了,我们选项简化的目的就达到了。
7-4-4
31. The speaker says the main topic of the lecture is
A. the history of monosodium glutamate.
B. the way monosodium glutamate works.
C. where monosodium glutamate is used.
答案:B
原文:Today I am going to explore why it is so popular in these cuisines and more importantly, how does it enhance the flavor of food?
这道题第一眼看上去选项十分复杂,但是实际上最复杂的那一部分"monosodium glutamate"在三个选项中都是重复的,撇开不看,剩下的一共就只有三个词了。
四、排除法
在我们简化选项的方法中,排除法是难度较高、较难掌握、同时有一定风险的方法。不过排除法往往只适用于单选题。在单选题中,当其中两个选项意思接近,而第三个选项和这两个选项毫无关系的时候,可以将第三个选项排除。不过在排除第三个选项之后,还有一个关键的步骤不能忘记,就是要分析剩下的两个相近的选项的不同之处。和合并同类项一样,这个不同之处就是我们解题的关键。
5-3-2
18. Students wishing to live off-campus should apply
A. Several months in advance
B. Two or three weeks in advance
C. At the beginning of term
答案:A
原文:if you're starting in October you need to be thinking about it in June or at the very latest July.
这道题中,A和B两个选项都涉及到"in advance",同时several和two or three虽然是不同的词,但是意思接近,所以唯一的区别就是"months"和"weeks"。这时候,C选项就可以直接排除,然后我们在听力过程中,注意区别是"months"还是"weeks"就可以了。题目难度大大降低。
5-3-2
19. The university accommodation officer will
A. send a list of agents for students to contact.
B. contact accommodation agencies for students.
C. ensure that students have suitable accommodation.
答案:B
原文:she's got plenty of contacts in the town and will deal with the agencies on your behalf.
这道题目中,可以看出A和B两个选项中都出现了agents/agencies, students以及contact三个共同因素,而C选项只出现了students,所以排除C。这时候要注意A和B的区别,A强调的是accommodation officer让学生去联系中介,而B则是accommodation officer替学生去联系。
5-3-2
20. With regard to their English, the speaker advises the students to
A. tell their lectures if they have problems understanding.
B. have private English lessons when they arrive.
C. practice their spoken English before they arrive.
答案:C
原文:some extra practice before you arrive is worth…
这道题当中,B和C都提到了学习English和学习的时间"when they arrive"、"before they arrive",明显排除A,然后注意听是来之前还是来之后就可以了。
4-4-2
13. The walks offered by Travelite
A. cater for a range of walking abilities.
B. are planned by guides from the local areas.
C. are for people with good fitness levels.
答案:A
原文:Each day we offer three separate walks catering for all skills and fitness levels.
前面三道题目都比较容易排除,因为从字面上就可以直接看出共同点和区别,但是这道题目的三个选项从字面上看都完全不一样,需要仔细分析。选项A和C提到的walking abilities和fitness levels指的都是身体条件;而A中的a range of指的是所有,C则强调要good。这两点就是共同点和区别,而选项B则和这两点都毫无关系,所以排除B。
4-3-4
39. Which argument was used against having a drama theatre?
A. It would be expensive and no students would use it.
B. It would be a poor use of resources because only a minority would use it.
C. It could not accommodate large productions of plays.
答案:B
原文:Just over forty percent of the respondents were in favor, but a largish minority were strongly against it…
这是一道超长选项的单选题,乍一看无处下手,但是耐心读一下题目,就会发现选项AB强调的都是学生的使用率,而C则和学生毫无关系。所以我们可以排除C,然后注意A中的no use和B中的a minority use。
排除法不仅仅能够简化选项,而且减少一个选项可以大大增加我们的正确率。但是朗阁海外考试研究中心提醒考生们使用的时候一定要慎重,不能看到选项中有一两个词一样,就立刻排除,一定要关键词指代的意思相同,并且有微妙的区别,而且第三个选项一定是和另外两个选项毫无共同之处的。否则,有可能聪明反被聪明误,反而把正确选项给排除了,这就得不偿失了。